IEEE Manufacturing Technology
Specification Highlight of Positioning Systems for Electronic Markets
Electronic manufacturing systems include a great variety of machines such as:
wire bonding, die bonding, surface mount technology (SMT), flying
probes, Automated Optical Inspection (AOI), Printed Circuit Boards (PCB)
drilling, screen printing, Ink jet printing, electron beam testing (EBT), Tape
Automated Bonding (TAB), Flip Chip Bonding, solder ball Inspection, glue
dispensing, PCB laser skiving, PCB laser scribing, PCB laser marking,
etc'. Most of these applications are characterized by the following
positioning requirements:
Long travel - on order of 1 m'
High precision - on order of 1 um
High throughput - on order of 1-3 m/sec
max velocity and 1-5 g max acceleration
Smoothness of motion - on the order of a
few microns error at 1KHz sampling rate
Short setting time - on the order of a few
msec to settle to a 1 um window
Axes of motion - XYZR
XY Gantry configuration is very common in electronic manufacturing, since it
provides best utilization of floor space and lends itself to transfer line
processing, where one machine feeds the other. Rotary stages are often required
for registration, where fiducial marks on the PCB are being oriented
to their start position after loading. Z stages are often required for auto
focus of the tool. Other configurations are often used in various mounting
combinations
Configuration - For XYZR degrees of
freedom, there are theoretically 3 * 3 * 2 = 18 combinations of compounding the
stages one on top of the
other. There are additional 3 * 3 *2 = 18 combinations of split axes, including
three compounded axes and one separate axis. Finally, there are
additional 3 *3 * 2 = 18 combinations of split axes, where each split set
includes two axes. Altogether there are 54 possible combinations (assuming
X and Y are interchangeable when mounted to each other). Most of these optional
combinations, such as XY riding the Z or the R axes, may be ruled out
due to mounting complexity and cantilever effects. However a few options, as
shown below, are feasible solutions and should be selected on the
basis of optimal price performance. Optinet tools are designed to assist the
user in making the right choice. The main options of XYZR configurations
are as follows:
- XYZR - where the part
is moving on XYZR and the tool is stationary
- XYR, Z - where the part is moving
on XYR and the tool is moving on Z
- XZR, Y - where the part is moving
on XR and the tool is moving on Y
- XR, YZ - where the part is moving
on XR and the tool is moving on YZ
- ZR, XY - where the part is moving
on ZR and the tool is moving on XY
- R, XYZ - where the part is moving
on R and the tool is moving on XYZ